Chính sách đầu tư phát triển kinh tế - xã hội vùng tái định cư trong các dự án thủy điện vùng núi phía Bắc (Nghiên cứu trường hợp dự án thủy điện Sơn La)
Luận án tiến sĩ tập trung vào lĩnh vực Chính sách phát triển kinh tế - xã hội và Quản lý tái định cư.
Luận án này meticulously examines the influence of socio-economic investment policies on the outcomes of resettlement programs associated with hydropower projects in Vietnam's Northern mountainous region, with a specific focus on the Son La hydropower project. Recognizing Vietnam's escalating electricity demand (averaging 10% annual growth) and the complex challenges of involuntary resettlement, the study underscores the urgent need for a systematic evaluation. Previous research indicates varied impacts of hydropower projects on local communities, and observed instances of resettled households abandoning their new locations highlight critical deficiencies in existing policies.
This research endeavors to achieve several key objectives: firstly, to systematically review and clarify the theoretical underpinnings of socio-economic investment policies pertinent to hydropower resettlement; secondly, to conduct an empirical assessment of the implementation and impact of these policies in the Northern mountainous areas, utilizing the Son La project's data from 2005 to 2016; thirdly, to construct a robust research model and relevant indicators for evaluating policy effectiveness based on the perceptions of affected households; and finally, to formulate actionable recommendations aimed at enhancing policy efficacy and sustainability by 2025.
The study reveals distinctive features of hydropower resettlement in mountainous terrains, including challenging natural environments, significant numbers of displaced individuals, diverse ethnic compositions among resettled populations, and rapid alterations to living conditions. Employing both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies, the thesis develops and validates a model that identifies production infrastructure, social infrastructure, and loan policies as having a positive influence on resettlement outcomes. In contrast, current land and vocational training policies are found to exert negative impacts. The practical contributions include specific policy recommendations designed to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of resettlement, covering aspects such as infrastructure development, financial support, vocational training, land management, strategic planning, and capital mobilization for future projects. The thesis is structured into four chapters: an overview of research and methodology, theoretical foundations, an empirical study of the Son La project, and proposed policy enhancements.